El Salvador: Facts & Stats

Demographics

Population:

El Salvador is the smallest and also the most densely populated country in Central America. It has a population of approximately 5.7 million people as of 2009 on 21,000 km2. Density 273/km2.

Welfare:

Despite a number of governmental attempts to achieve a more equitable distribution of income through a major program of agrarian reform in the late 1970s, as well as improvements in education and social services following the war, progress in El Salvador has been exceedingly slow.

Low-cost housing, medical assistance, and employment programs were improved upon in an attempt to meet the needs and problems of the displaced and the unemployed, but such programs have had difficulty keeping up with deteriorating conditions.

The doctor-to-patient ratio is low, and most doctors serve only urban areas. Moreover, in many areas the war and population displacement have caused the reappearance and spread of diseases, particularly dengue fever, malaria, and cholera. Malnutrition is increasingly prevalent.

Education:

Education in El Salvador follows a (1 or 2) -9-2-5 system:

• One or two years of preschool (called kinder, short for kindergarten), which are not part of the State's Educational System.


• Nine years of Basic Education divided in three Cycles of three grades each:
  
  
  • 1st Cycle: from 1st to 3rd grades,
  • 2nd Cycle: from 4th to 6th grades,
  • 3rd Cycle: from 7th to 9th grades, which is a transition time between primary and secondary education/high school (e.g. specialized teachers for each assignment).


• Two (or an optional three years technical program) of Middle Education:
  
  
  • Two year General Bachelor's Degree (High school Degree)
  • (or an optional) Three year Technical Bachelor's Degree (Technical High school degree) (e.g. Accountancy, Computer Science, Secretary Degree, etc.)


• Five years (minimum) of university or other tertiary education.

However, the national educational system is not the only one available.

Pre-university education is not free. The State provides public education for which a fee is paid if the person paying can afford it and only one payment per family is made (i.e. siblings pay only one fee). Public education is nevertheless inconstant in quality, being even extremely poor in rural areas and not so good in urban areas.

The University of El Salvador (UES) is the only public University in the country.

In 2002, the literacy rate was 77% for females and 82% for males.

In 1992 the Ministry of Education under Cecilia Gallardo de Cano embarked on a program of reform of basic education.

Religion:

There is diversity of religious and ethnic groups in El Salvador. Majority of population are Christians, mostly Roman Catholics (52.5%), while Protestantism is growing rapidly and is already representing 27.6% of the population. Anglican, Presbyterian, Methodist and Seventh-Day Adventist churches are all growing rapidly, as are Pentecostals.

11.1 percent of the population indicates that it is not affiliated with any religious group.

Other religions (1.4%) are present as well - Islam, Judaism, Mormonism and Jehovah's Witnesses.

The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints claimed 98,575 members in the country as of year-end 2007.

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